Velarion · Company Intelligence
Compensation Brief
Fiscal year 2025 · Filings through 2026-05-28

Galaxy Digital (GLXY)

Fiscal year 2025 executive and director compensation, incentive-plan design, equity activity, and governance — every figure in this brief is traceable to its exact location in the company’s SEC filing — the document, the section, the page, and the table, linked directly.

$13,603,082
Anthony Paquette total, FY2025
Chief Financial Officerhighest-paid officer; CEO Michael Novogratz: $7,651,727
CEO (Michael Novogratz) pay percentile vs peers
CEO-to-median pay ratio
94.32%
Say-on-pay support, latest vote
Companies that benchmark against GLXY
2 companies name GLXY as a compensation peer

Each company listed discloses GLXY in its own benchmarking peer group, as disclosed in each company's most recent proxy statement within the last two proxy seasons. Two companies are therefore absent by design: one that named GLXY in an earlier year and no longer does, and one whose own most recent disclosure is older than the last two seasons.

01

Summary Compensation Table — fiscal year 2025

Named executive officerSalaryBonusStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentivePension / NQDCAll otherTotal
Anthony Paquette$400,000$2,037,800$4,068,038$7,049,295$0$0$47,949$13,603,082
Chief Financial Officer
Matthew Friedrich125,8971,723,5005,637,6004,811,581003,77712,302,355
Chief Legal Officer
Michael Novogratz500,0002,920,4001,102,2653,078,0860050,9767,651,727
Chief Executive Officer and Director
Christopher Ferraro500,0002,920,400992,0373,078,0860047,8987,538,421
President and Chief Investment Officer
Erin Brown400,0002,037,800573,1812,052,0550013,1945,076,230
Chief Operating Officer

A dash means the company reported no figure in that column; 0 means it reported zero. Figures are as printed in the filing, without adjustment.

Three-year trend — total compensation per named executive

Named executive officerFY2025 totalFY2024 totalFY2023 totalΔ FY20242025
Anthony Paquette$13,603,082
Matthew Friedrich12,302,355
Michael Novogratz7,651,727
Christopher Ferraro7,538,421
Erin Brown5,076,230

Prior-year totals as disclosed in the corresponding proxy; deltas are computed values with the derivation shown in the register.

02

Equity transactions since the proxy statement was filed

No insider equity transactions reported since the proxy statement.

03

Grants of plan-based awards — fiscal year 2025

ExecutiveAwardGrant dateThresholdTargetGrantedMaximumGrant-date fair value
Anthony PaquetteOPTION2025-03-31325,000$2,350,725
Matthew FriedrichRSU2025-09-08240,0005,637,600
Anthony PaquetteOPTION2025-03-31350,0002,442,300
Erin BrownRSU2025-03-3152,837573,181
Matthew FriedrichOPTION2025-09-08100,0001,678,372
Michael NovogratzOPTION2025-03-31409,2713,078,086
Matthew FriedrichOPTION2025-09-08100,0001,600,535
Anthony PaquetteRSU2025-03-31375,0004,068,038
Matthew FriedrichOPTION2025-09-08100,0001,532,674
Christopher FerraroRSU2025-03-3191,448992,037
Christopher FerraroOPTION2025-03-31409,2713,078,086
Michael NovogratzRSU2025-03-31101,6091,102,265
Anthony PaquetteOPTION2025-03-31300,0002,256,270
Erin BrownOPTION2025-03-31272,8472,052,055
03b

Vehicle mix — grant-date fair value by award type

Named executive officerTime-vested (RSU)Performance-vested (PSU)Options / SARs% performance-vested
Anthony Paquette$4,068,038$0$7,049,2950.0%
Matthew Friedrich5,637,60004,811,5810.0%
Erin Brown573,18102,052,0550.0%
Michael Novogratz1,102,26503,078,0860.0%
Christopher Ferraro992,03703,078,0860.0%

% performance-vested = PSU grant-date fair value ÷ (RSU + PSU + Options), a computed value with the derivation shown in the register.

04

Outstanding equity awards at fiscal year-end 2025

ExecutiveAwardShares unvestedExercise priceMarket value unvested
Matthew FriedrichRSU240,000$5,366,400
Erin BrownRSU52,8371,181,435
Christopher FerraroRSU91,4482,044,777
Erin BrownOption108,9679.63
Anthony PaquetteRSU281,2506,288,750
Erin BrownRSU70,8811,584,899
Michael NovogratzOption409,27111.77
Michael NovogratzRSU201,0004,494,360
Christopher FerraroRSU120,6002,696,616
Erin BrownRSU74,3701,662,913
Christopher FerraroOption54,4849.63
Christopher FerraroOption340,0004.83
Erin BrownOption272,84711.77
Anthony PaquetteOption262,50016.06
Anthony PaquetteOption225,00011.77
Anthony PaquetteOption243,75013.91
Christopher FerraroOption409,27111.77
Erin BrownOption340,0004.83
Michael NovogratzRSU101,6092,271,977
Christopher FerraroRSU57,9871,296,589
05

Incentive-plan design — the Compensation Discussion & Analysis

The Compensation Committee's objective is to provide for an executive compensation program that attracts, motivates, and rewards leaders with the skills and experience necessary to successfully execute on our strategic plan in order to maximize stockholder value.

CEO STI target (% of salary)
CEO LTI target (% of salary)
Independent consultantSemler Brossy
Clawback policyTrue
Anti-hedgingTrue
Anti-pledgingTrue
06

Say-on-pay — recent advisory votes

Meeting yearMeeting dateForAgainstAbstainSupportOutcome
20262026-05-28256,939,98315,237,120235,51494.32%Passed

Rows are labeled by annual-meeting year, with the meeting date beside each; the vote held in a given year acts on the prior fiscal year's compensation.

Say-on-pay — history, company's computation

Meeting yearMeeting dateApproval — company's computation
20262026-05-2894.32%a

a. Approved under the standard stated in the filing — “Abstentions (shares present at the Annual Meeting and marked "ABSTAIN") will count as a vote against such proposal.”.

Approval percentages are the company's own reported computations under its own stated standard, not recomputed by Velarion. Where a company does not state a standard, none is assumed.

07

CEO pay ratio

Ratio (CEO : median employee)
CEO total compensation
Median employee compensation
08

Director compensation — fiscal year 2025

DirectorCash feesStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentiveAll otherTotal
Douglas DeasonIndependent · Nominating and Corporate Governance$40,000$650,000$0$0$0$690,000
Bill KoutsourasIndependent · Lead Independent Director · Audit (Chair) · Nominating and Corporate Governance125,000150,000000275,000
Richard TavosoIndependent · Compensation (Chair) · Audit · Not standing for re-election107,500150,000000257,500
Jane DietzeIndependent · Audit · Compensation92,500150,000000242,500
Rhonda Adams-MedinaIndependent · Nominating and Corporate Governance (Chair)85,000150,000000235,000
Michael DaffeyNot independent · Board Chair37,500150,000000187,500
Michael NovogratzEmployee director00000
09

Board fee structure and ownership guideline

Annual cash retainer$75,000
Annual equity retainer$150,000
Per board meeting fee
Committee chair fees (audit / comp / nom-gov)25,000 / 25,000 / 10,000
Stock ownership guidelineLesser of 50,000 shares or 5x annual cash retainer ($375,000) within 5 years
09b

Total cost of the board

ComponentFY2025
Cash retainers and fees$487,500
Equity awards (grant-date value)$1,400,000
All other compensation$0
Total cost of the board$1,887,500

Computed as the sum of the director compensation table rows above; inputs and formula shown in the register.

10b

Chief executive pay against the peer group

Most recent fiscal-year chief executive compensation at each disclosed peer, taken from that company's own proxy statement.

RankCompanyFYChief executiveSalaryStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentiveTotal
1Galaxy Digital2025Michael Novogratz$500,000$1,102,265$3,078,086$0$7,651,727

Each peer's compensation is from its most recently filed proxy; fiscal years differ by company. Each peer's figures come from its own filings; the subject company is highlighted. Peers whose chief executive compensation is outside our coverage universe are stated as such, never left blank.

11

Source register

Each figure's location is given both for the eye (section · page · table · row · column) and for a script (table/row/column index and exact character span in the filed document). Any figure can be independently confirmed against the source.

#SupportsDocumentFiledAccessionLocation in document
1Section 01, Anthony PaquetteDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table”. As printed: 13,603,082. Filing ↗machine: r5 · c21 · span 377925–377935
2Section 01, Matthew FriedrichDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table”. As printed: 12,302,355. Filing ↗machine: r12 · c21 · span 391639–391649
3Section 01, Michael NovogratzDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table”. As printed: 7,651,727. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c21 · span 372282–372291
4Section 01, Christopher FerraroDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table”. As printed: 7,538,421. Filing ↗machine: r6 · c21 · span 380157–380166
5Section 01, Erin BrownDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table”. As printed: 5,076,230. Filing ↗machine: r9 · c21 · span 385772–385781
6Section 03, Anthony Paquette OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r6 · c10 · span 454368–454377
7Section 03, Matthew Friedrich RSUDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r12 · c10 · span 462889–462898
8Section 03, Anthony Paquette OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r7 · c10 · span 455751–455760
9Section 03, Erin Brown RSUDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r10 · c10 · span 460047–460054
10Section 03, Matthew Friedrich OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r13 · c10 · span 464272–464281
11Section 03, Michael Novogratz OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r3 · c10 · span 450142–450151
12Section 03, Matthew Friedrich OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r14 · c10 · span 465655–465664
13Section 03, Anthony Paquette RSUDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r4 · c10 · span 451602–451611
14Section 03, Matthew Friedrich OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r15 · c10 · span 467390–467399
15Section 03, Christopher Ferraro RSUDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r8 · c10 · span 457213–457220
16Section 03, Christopher Ferraro OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t26 · r5 · c8 · span 329468–329477
17Section 03, Michael Novogratz RSUDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r2 · c10 · span 448756–448765
18Section 03, Anthony Paquette OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r5 · c10 · span 452985–452994
19Section 03, Erin Brown OPTIONDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Grants of Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t29 · r11 · c10 · span 461428–461437
20Section 07, pay ratioDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “CEO Pay Ratio”. As printed: —. Filing ↗
21Section 08, Douglas DeasonDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 690,000. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r5 · c5 · span 187233–187240
22Section 08, Bill KoutsourasDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 275,000. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r3 · c5 · span 185042–185049
23Section 08, Richard TavosoDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 257,500. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r7 · c5 · span 189609–189616
24Section 08, Jane DietzeDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 242,500. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r6 · c5 · span 188323–188330
25Section 08, Rhonda Adams-MedinaDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 235,000. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r4 · c5 · span 186140–186147
26Section 08, Michael DaffeyDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 187,500. Filing ↗machine: t10 · r2 · c5 · span 183922–183929
27Section 08, Michael NovogratzDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 0. Filing ↗
28Section 06, 2026 voteForm 8-K2026-05-280001859392-26-000060Item 5.07 · say-on-pay result. As reported: 94.32% (votes for as printed: 256,939,983). Filing ↗
29Section 03b vehicle mix (computed)ComputedcomputedRSU / PSU / Options grant-date fair values summed per officer from the grants table; % performance-vested = PSU ÷ (RSU+PSU+Options).machine: formula: sums + PSU ratio
30Section 09b board cost (computed)ComputedcomputedCash 487,500 + equity 1,400,000 + all other 0 = 1,887,500, summed across the director compensation table rows.machine: formula: Σ = 1,887,500
31Galaxy Digital (subject), Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-080001859392-26-000037CEO total compensation as printed in Galaxy Digital's own proxy. As printed: 7,651,727. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c21 · span 372282–372291