Velarion · Company Intelligence
Compensation Brief
Fiscal year 2025 · Filings through 2026-07-14

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL)

Fiscal year 2025 executive and director compensation, incentive-plan design, equity activity, and governance — every figure in this brief is traceable to its exact location in the company’s SEC filing — the document, the section, the page, and the table, linked directly.

$5,394,049
Matthew Skaruppa total, FY2025
Former Chief Financial Officerhighest-paid officer; CEO Luis von Ahn: $767,500
8th
CEO (Luis von Ahn) pay percentile vs peers
2.6:1
CEO-to-median pay ratio
99.25%
Say-on-pay support, latest vote
Companies that benchmark against DUOL
6 companies name DUOL as a compensation peer

Each company listed discloses DUOL in its own benchmarking peer group, as disclosed in each company's most recent proxy statement within the last two proxy seasons. Two companies are therefore absent by design: one that named DUOL in an earlier year and no longer does, and one whose own most recent disclosure is older than the last two seasons.

01

Summary Compensation Table — fiscal year 2025

Named executive officerSalaryBonusStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentivePension / NQDCAll otherTotal
Matthew Skaruppa$756,250$0$4,620,299$0$0$0$17,500$5,394,049
Former Chief Financial Officer
Natalie Glance756,25004,620,29900017,5005,394,049
Chief Engineering Officer
Stephen Chen587,50002,887,62000017,5003,492,620
General Counsel
Robert Meese579,16702,309,88400017,5002,906,551
Chief Business Officer
Luis von Ahn750,0000000017,500767,500
Chief Executive Officer

A dash means the company reported no figure in that column; 0 means it reported zero. Figures are as printed in the filing, without adjustment.

Three-year trend — total compensation per named executive

Named executive officerFY2025 totalFY2024 totalFY2023 totalΔ FY20242025
Matthew Skaruppa$5,394,049$5,580,270$3,873,586−186,221
Natalie Glance5,394,0493,963,6493,874,086+1,430,400
Stephen Chen3,492,6202,187,0282,121,709+1,305,592
Robert Meese2,906,5512,005,5072,425,502+901,044
Luis von Ahn767,500767,250766,500+250

Prior-year totals as disclosed in the corresponding proxy; deltas are computed values with the derivation shown in the register.

02

Equity transactions since the proxy statement was filed

Every insider equity transaction reported on Form 4 after the 2025 proxy statement — acquisitions, dispositions, exercises, and withholdings — and therefore not reflected in any table in that document.

InsiderRoleTransaction dateCodeSharesPriceValueSecuritySource
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11A50,000$0$0CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11D50,00000CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11D50,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Dividend-equivalent accruals2026-05-126481 insider, 1 accrual row
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-12A648149,344CommonForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15A39,0581124,376,839CommonForm 4 ↗
Robert MeeseChief Business Officer2026-05-15A19,5291122,188,420CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15A24,4111122,735,497CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D70011479,955Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D1,300114148,441Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D82011291,971CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D1,277113144,648Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D2,060113233,215Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D1,929112216,357CommonForm 4 ↗
Robert MeeseChief Business Officer2026-05-15D1,420112159,267CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27D60,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27D31,9201083,441,614Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27A120,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27D54,8751085,916,623Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27D120,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27A60,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Sara ClemensDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Jim SheltonDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Amy BohutinskyDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Bing GordonDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Mario SchlosserDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
John LillyDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Bonnie RossDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-06-17A5814836CommonForm 4 ↗
Dividend-equivalent accruals2026-06-17581 insider, 1 accrual row
Amy BohutinskyDirector2026-07-10A13012516,219CommonForm 4 ↗
Mario SchlosserDirector2026-07-10A14012517,466CommonForm 4 ↗
Jim SheltonDirector2026-07-10A12012514,971CommonForm 4 ↗
John LillyDirector2026-07-10A11812514,722CommonForm 4 ↗

Transaction codes per Form 4: A acquisition · S open-market sale · F tax withholding · M option exercise · G gift. Value = shares × price as reported. Dividend-equivalent and fractional-share accrual rows (derivative Class A, under $10,000 and under 2,000 shares) are aggregated per date; every row appears in full below.

View all 34 transactions
InsiderRoleTransaction dateCodeSharesPriceValueSecuritySource
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11A50,000$0$0CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11D50,00000CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-11D50,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-12D64800Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-12A648149,344CommonForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15A39,0581124,376,839CommonForm 4 ↗
Robert MeeseChief Business Officer2026-05-15A19,5291122,188,420CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15A24,4111122,735,497CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D70011479,955Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D1,300114148,441Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D82011291,971CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-05-15D1,277113144,648Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D2,060113233,215Common, open-market saleForm 4 ↗
Natalie GlanceChief Engineering Officer2026-05-15D1,929112216,357CommonForm 4 ↗
Robert MeeseChief Business Officer2026-05-15D1,420112159,267CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27D60,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27D31,9201083,441,614Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27A120,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27D54,8751085,916,623Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Luis von AhnDirector2026-05-27D120,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Severin HackerDirector2026-05-27A60,00000Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Sara ClemensDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Jim SheltonDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Amy BohutinskyDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Bing GordonDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Mario SchlosserDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
John LillyDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Bonnie RossDirector2026-06-03A2,00100CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-06-17A5814836CommonForm 4 ↗
Stephen ChenGeneral Counsel2026-06-17D5800Derivative, Class A CommonForm 4 ↗
Amy BohutinskyDirector2026-07-10A13012516,219CommonForm 4 ↗
Mario SchlosserDirector2026-07-10A14012517,466CommonForm 4 ↗
Jim SheltonDirector2026-07-10A12012514,971CommonForm 4 ↗
John LillyDirector2026-07-10A11812514,722CommonForm 4 ↗
03

Grants of plan-based awards — fiscal year 2025

ExecutiveAwardGrant dateThresholdTargetGrantedMaximumGrant-date fair value
Matthew SkaruppaRSU2025-05-158,709$4,620,299
Natalie GlanceRSU2025-05-158,7094,620,299
Robert MeeseRSU2025-05-154,3542,309,884
Stephen ChenRSU2025-05-155,4432,887,620
03b

Vehicle mix — grant-date fair value by award type

Named executive officerTime-vested (RSU)Performance-vested (PSU)Options / SARs% performance-vested
Matthew Skaruppa$4,620,299$0$00.0%
Natalie Glance4,620,299000.0%
Robert Meese2,309,884000.0%
Stephen Chen2,887,620000.0%

% performance-vested = PSU grant-date fair value ÷ (RSU + PSU + Options), a computed value with the derivation shown in the register.

04

Outstanding equity awards at fiscal year-end 2025

ExecutiveAwardShares unvestedExercise priceMarket value unvested
Natalie GlanceRSU7,621$1,337,486
Luis von AhnRSU420,00073,710,000
Matthew SkaruppaRSU17,0963,000,348
Robert MeeseRSU5,007878,729
Stephen ChenRSU4,763835,907
Stephen ChenRSU2,384418,392
Matthew SkaruppaRSU8,3441,464,372
Matthew SkaruppaRSU7,6211,337,486
Natalie GlanceRSU4,426776,763
Robert MeeseRSU3,065537,908
Robert MeeseRSU5,129900,140
Stephen ChenRSU5,6991,000,175
Robert MeeseRSU3,810668,655
Natalie GlanceRSU11,3972,000,174
Stephen ChenRSU4,172732,186
Natalie GlanceRSU8,3441,464,372
Matthew SkaruppaRSU4,426776,763
05

Incentive-plan design — the Compensation Discussion & Analysis

The objective of our compensation program is to allow us to hire, reward and retain the world-class talent that we need to execute on our strategy and, ultimately, achieve our mission.

CEO STI target (% of salary)
CEO LTI target (% of salary)
Independent consultantCompensia, Inc.
Clawback policytrue
Anti-hedgingtrue
Anti-pledgingTrue
06

Say-on-pay — recent advisory votes

Meeting yearMeeting dateForAgainstAbstainSupportOutcome
20262026-06-03147,871,7381,113,70648,46899.25%Passed
20252025-06-11154,319,3071,906,51721,52898.78%Passed
20242024-06-12151,228,852519,05557,74299.66%Passed

Rows are labeled by annual-meeting year, with the meeting date beside each; the vote held in a given year acts on the prior fiscal year's compensation.

Say-on-pay — history, company's computation

Meeting yearMeeting dateApproval — company's computation
20262026-06-0399.25%a
20252025-06-1198.78%b
20242024-06-1299.66%c

a. Approved under the standard stated in the filing — “(2) A vote marked as an "Abstention" is not considered a vote cast and will, therefore, not affect the outcome of this proposal.”.

b. Approved under the standard stated in the filing — “(2) A vote marked as an "Abstention" is not considered a vote cast and will, therefore, not affect the outcome of this proposal.”.

c. Approved under the standard stated in the filing — “(2) A vote marked as an "Abstention" is not considered a vote cast and will, therefore, not affect the outcome of this proposal.”.

Approval percentages are the company's own reported computations under its own stated standard, not recomputed by Velarion. Where a company does not state a standard, none is assumed.

07

CEO pay ratio

Ratio (CEO : median employee)2.6 : 1
CEO total compensation$767,500
Median employee compensation$296,588
08

Director compensation — fiscal year 2025

DirectorCash feesStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentiveAll otherTotal
Bonnie RossIndependent · Compensation · Nominating and Corporate Governance$0$359,974$0$0$0$359,974
Mario SchlosserIndependent · Nominating and Corporate Governance (Chair) · Mergers and Acquisitions8,750340,091000348,841
Gillian MunsonIndependent · Audit (Chair)53,750179,931000233,681
Sara ClemensIndependent · Audit · Nominating and Corporate Governance · Mergers and Acquisitions52,875179,931000232,806
Bing GordonIndependent · Mergers and Acquisitions48,000179,931000227,931
Jim SheltonIndependent · Audit · Compensation47,750179,931000227,681
Amy BohutinskyIndependent · Audit · Compensation (Chair)47,750179,931000227,681
John LillyIndependent · Compensation · Nominating and Corporate Governance44,875179,931000224,806
Laela SturdyIndependent · Audit (resigned) · Compensation (resigned) · Departed during FY28,096000028,096
Luis von AhnEmployee director · Board Chair00000
Severin HackerEmployee director00000
09

Board fee structure and ownership guideline

Annual cash retainer$35,000
Annual equity retainer$180,000
Per board meeting fee
Committee chair fees (audit / comp / nom-gov)20,000 / 15,000 / 8,000
Stock ownership guideline
09b

Total cost of the board

ComponentFY2025
Cash retainers and fees$331,846
Equity awards (grant-date value)$1,779,651
All other compensation$0
Total cost of the board$2,111,497

Computed as the sum of the director compensation table rows above; inputs and formula shown in the register.

10

Disclosed peer group — fiscal year 2025

The compensation peer group as the company disclosed it in its own proxy — the reference set behind the percentile above.

10a

Peer reciprocity

Of the companies Duolingo, Inc. names as compensation peers, which name it back in their own disclosed peer groups. A peer set the market reciprocates reads differently from one selected in a single direction.

Reciprocity shown where the peer's own current proxy has been read — each mark is cited in the register to that peer's filing. A dash means the peer's current proxy was read and names no reciprocal group including Duolingo, Inc..

10b

Chief executive pay against the peer group

Most recent fiscal-year chief executive compensation at each disclosed peer, taken from that company's own proxy statement.

RankCompanyFYChief executiveSalaryStock awardsOption awardsNon-equity incentiveTotal
1Match Group, Inc.2025Spencer Rascoff$689,231$44,790,300$0$1,209,360$47,014,253
2Coursera, Inc.2025Gregory Hart540,83314,629,46623,644,105570,46739,387,371
3Pinterest, Inc.2025Bill Ready620,83337,928,9270756,25039,312,010
4Roblox Corporation2025David Baszucki022,669,1630024,565,995
5Bill.com Holdings, Inc.2025Ren Lacerte550,00014,861,4810688,05016,139,836
6Workiva, Inc.2025Julie Iskow625,00014,000,0310937,50015,640,220
7Freshworks, Inc.2025Dennis Woodside629,16714,304,0760688,69815,623,481
8PagerDuty, Inc.2026Jennifer Tejada600,00014,219,7660347,76015,268,028
9Braze, Inc.2026William Magnuson580,00012,776,5160868,78214,230,598
10PowerSchool Holdings, Inc.2023Hardeep Gulati500,00012,756,6710642,75013,914,272
11DoubleVerify Holdings2025Mark Zagorski670,00010,323,7210797,30011,814,232
12Yelp, Inc.2025Jeremy Stoppelman620,0009,104,1110500,44410,256,932
13Tripadvisor, Inc.2025Matt Goldberg900,0008,199,9940840,96010,086,426
14nCino, Inc.2026Sean Desmond500,0008,083,3560486,1109,089,558
15Zuora, Inc.2024Tien Tzuo500,0007,950,0000337,5008,787,500
16Sprout Social, Inc.2025Ryan Barretto500,0006,881,7330460,3377,848,570
17Bumble, Inc.2025Whitney Wolfe Herd650,0006,303,8270650,0007,617,828
18Instructure Holdings, Inc.2023Steve Daly5,651,9510263,2916,400,555
19AppFolio, Inc.2025Shane Trigg550,0004,000,3070814,0005,438,904
20Udemy, Inc.2024Greg Brown583,7504,548,838005,151,396
21Chegg, Inc.2025Dan Rosensweig850,0004,070,000004,934,000
22Reddit, Inc.2025Steven Huffman569,250001,405,4783,101,009
23Rubrik, Inc.2026Bipul Sinha608,750609,0271,803,735
24GitLab, Inc.2026William Staples600,00000447,0601,047,060
25Duolingo, Inc.2025Luis von Ahn750,000000767,500
26Affirm Holdings, Inc.2025Max Levchin38,834000538,307
27Box, Inc.2026Aaron Levie162,0000094,912257,076

Each peer's compensation is from its most recently filed proxy; fiscal years differ by company. Each peer's figures come from its own filings; the subject company is highlighted. Peers whose chief executive compensation is outside our coverage universe are stated as such, never left blank.

10c

Incentive design against the same peers

CompanyAnnual incentive payoutLong-term vehicle mixPSU measures include TSRCompensation consultant
Duolingo, Inc.not disclosedPSU 100NoCompensia, Inc.
Affirm Holdings, Inc.140.7%Options 50 · RSU 50not disclosedSemler Brossy
AppFolio, Inc.148%PSU 60 · RSU 40Nonot disclosed
Bill.com Holdings, Inc.125.1%RSU 50 · PSU 50Yes — Relative TSRSemler Brossy Consulting Group LLC
Box, Inc.105.5%RSU 50 · PSU 50not disclosedCompensia
Braze, Inc.150%RSU 70 · PSU 30NoCompensia
Bumble, Inc.not disclosedRSU 100not disclosedSemler Brossy
Chegg, Inc.not disclosedPSU 70 · RSU 30NoAon
Coursera, Inc.106.3%not disclosedNoCompensia
DoubleVerify Holdings119%PSU 50 · RSU 50Yes — Relative TSRCompensia, Inc.
Freshworks, Inc.109%RSU 70 · PSU 30NoCompensia, Inc.
GitLab, Inc.74.51%RSU 60 · PSU 40NoCompensia
Instructure Holdings, Inc.54.1%RSU 100not disclosedCompensia
Match Group, Inc.94%PSU 85 · RSU 15NoCompensia
nCino, Inc.97.2%RSU 100not disclosedAon Human Capital Solutions
PagerDuty, Inc.58.0%PSU 50 · RSU 50NoCompensia, Inc.
Pinterest, Inc.121%PSU 60 · RSU 40Yes — relative total shareholder return (rTSR)Compensia, Inc.
PowerSchool Holdings, Inc.92%PSU 75 · RSU 25NoCompensation Advisory Partners LLC
Reddit, Inc.165%not disclosednot disclosedPearl Meyer
Roblox Corporationnot disclosedPSU 75 · RSU 25NoFW Cook
Rubrik, Inc.100%RSU 100not disclosedCompensia, Inc.
Sprout Social, Inc.92%RSU 100not disclosedCompensia, Inc.
Tripadvisor, Inc.93.4%RSU 50 · PSU 50NoFW Cook
Udemy, Inc.not disclosedRSU 50 · PSU 50NoFW Cook
Workiva, Inc.120%RSU 70 · PSU 30NoAlpine Rewards LLC
Yelp, Inc.100.9%RSU 50 · PSU 25 · MSU 25Yes — Relative TSR vs Russell 2000Compensia
Zuora, Inc.67.5%not disclosedNoCompensia

Read from each company's Compensation Discussion and Analysis: annual incentive payout as a percentage of target, the disclosed long-term vehicle mix, whether performance-share measures include a total shareholder return component, and the retained compensation consultant. “Not disclosed” appears only where the company's filing does not state the item.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Who was the highest-paid executive at Duolingo, Inc. in fiscal 2025?
The highest-paid executive at Duolingo, Inc. in fiscal 2025 was Matthew Skaruppa, who served as Former Chief Financial Officer with total compensation of $5,394,049.
How does Duolingo, Inc.'s chief executive pay compare to its disclosed peer group?
As disclosed, the chief executive's pay placed him at the 8th percentile of the peer group.
What is Duolingo, Inc.'s CEO-to-median employee pay ratio?
The filing shows the CEO-to-median employee pay ratio was 2.6:1.
How did shareholders vote on Duolingo, Inc.'s executive compensation?
Shareholders supported the executive compensation plan with 99.25% approval in the latest vote.
How much does Duolingo, Inc. spend in total on board compensation for fiscal 2025?
The company reported total board compensation for fiscal 2025 was $2,111,497.

Answers are drawn only from the figures disclosed in this brief and cited to their location in the source filing. Where a figure required for an answer is not disclosed, that is stated rather than estimated.

11

Source register

Each figure's location is given both for the eye (section · page · table · row · column) and for a script (table/row/column index and exact character span in the filed document). Any figure can be independently confirmed against the source.

#SupportsDocumentFiledAccessionLocation in document
1Section 01, Matthew SkaruppaDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table” · page 43. As printed: 5,394,049. Filing ↗machine: r6 · c24 · span 575091–575100
2Section 01, Natalie GlanceDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table” · page 43. As printed: 5,394,049. Filing ↗machine: r9 · c24 · span 580038–580047
3Section 01, Stephen ChenDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table” · page 43. As printed: 3,492,620. Filing ↗machine: r15 · c24 · span 590065–590074
4Section 01, Robert MeeseDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table” · page 43. As printed: 2,906,551. Filing ↗machine: r12 · c24 · span 585130–585139
5Section 01, Luis von AhnDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “2025 Summary Compensation Table” · page 43. As printed: 767,500. Filing ↗machine: t83 · r3 · c8 · span 569993–570000
6Section 03, Matthew Skaruppa RSUDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Grants of 2025 Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t76 · r3 · c3 · span 514877–514882
7Section 03, Natalie Glance RSUDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Grants of 2025 Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t76 · r4 · c3 · span 516015–516020
8Section 03, Robert Meese RSUDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Grants of 2025 Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t76 · r5 · c3 · span 517148–517153
9Section 03, Stephen Chen RSUDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Grants of 2025 Plan-Based Awards” · grants of plan-based awards table. Filing ↗machine: t76 · r6 · c3 · span 518390–518395
10Section 07, pay ratioDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “CEO Pay Ratio”. As printed: 2.6 : 1. Filing ↗machine: span 751089–751097
11Section 08, Bonnie RossDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 359,974. Filing ↗
12Section 08, Mario SchlosserDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 348,841. Filing ↗
13Section 08, Gillian MunsonDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 233,681. Filing ↗
14Section 08, Sara ClemensDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 232,806. Filing ↗
15Section 08, Bing GordonDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 227,931. Filing ↗
16Section 08, Jim SheltonDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 227,681. Filing ↗
17Section 08, Amy BohutinskyDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 227,681. Filing ↗
18Section 08, John LillyDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 224,806. Filing ↗
19Section 08, Laela SturdyDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 28,096. Filing ↗
20Section 08, Luis von AhnDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 0. Filing ↗
21Section 08, Severin HackerDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728Section “Director Compensation”. As printed: 0. Filing ↗
22Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-11Form 42026-05-130001628280-26-034635Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
23Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-11Form 42026-05-130001628280-26-034635Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
24Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-11Form 42026-05-130001628280-26-034635Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
25Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-12Form 42026-05-130001628280-26-034631Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
26Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-12Form 42026-05-130001628280-26-034631Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
27Section 02, Natalie Glance 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036518Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
28Section 02, Robert Meese 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036517Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
29Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036519Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
30Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036519Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
31Section 02, Natalie Glance 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036518Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
32Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036519Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
33Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036519Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
34Section 02, Natalie Glance 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036518Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
35Section 02, Natalie Glance 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036518Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
36Section 02, Robert Meese 2026-05-15Form 42026-05-190001628280-26-036517Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
37Section 02, Severin Hacker 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039164Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
38Section 02, Severin Hacker 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039164Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
39Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039163Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
40Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039163Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
41Section 02, Luis von Ahn 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039163Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
42Section 02, Severin Hacker 2026-05-27Form 42026-05-290001628280-26-039164Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
43Section 02, Sara Clemens 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041255Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
44Section 02, Jim Shelton 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041256Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
45Section 02, Amy Bohutinsky 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041254Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
46Section 02, Bing Gordon 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041252Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
47Section 02, Mario Schlosser 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041251Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
48Section 02, John Lilly 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041253Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
49Section 02, Bonnie Ross 2026-06-03Form 42026-06-050001628280-26-041250Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
50Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-06-17Form 42026-06-180001628280-26-044413Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
51Section 02, Stephen Chen 2026-06-17Form 42026-06-180001628280-26-044413Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
52Section 02, Amy Bohutinsky 2026-07-10Form 42026-07-140001628280-26-048223Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
53Section 02, Mario Schlosser 2026-07-10Form 42026-07-140001628280-26-048221Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
54Section 02, Jim Shelton 2026-07-10Form 42026-07-140001628280-26-048225Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
55Section 02, John Lilly 2026-07-10Form 42026-07-140001628280-26-048219Insider equity transaction reported since the proxy statement. Filing ↗
56Section 06, 2026 voteForm 8-K2026-06-050001628280-26-041280Item 5.07 · say-on-pay result. As reported: 99.25% (votes for as printed: 147,871,738). Filing ↗
57Section 06, 2025 voteForm 8-K2025-06-130001562088-25-000129Item 5.07 · say-on-pay result. As reported: 98.78% (votes for as printed: 154,319,307). Filing ↗
58Section 06, 2024 voteForm 8-K2024-06-180001562088-24-000168Item 5.07 · say-on-pay result. As reported: 99.66% (votes for as printed: 151,228,852). Filing ↗
59Section 01 trend, Δ column (computed)ComputedcomputedΔ = current-FY total − prior-FY total per named officer.machine: formula: Δ = FY(n) − FY(n−1)
60Section 03b vehicle mix (computed)ComputedcomputedRSU / PSU / Options grant-date fair values summed per officer from the grants table; % performance-vested = PSU ÷ (RSU+PSU+Options).machine: formula: sums + PSU ratio
61Section 09b board cost (computed)ComputedcomputedCash 331,846 + equity 1,779,651 + all other 0 = 2,111,497, summed across the director compensation table rows.machine: formula: Σ = 2,111,497
62Match Group, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-300000891103-26-000066CEO total compensation as printed in Match Group, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 47,014,253. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c14 · span 1380585–1380595
63Coursera, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-110001651562-26-000036CEO total compensation as printed in Coursera, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 39,387,371. Filing ↗machine: r3 · c33 · span 735414–735424
64Pinterest, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-080001506293-26-000058CEO total compensation as printed in Pinterest, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 39,312,010. Filing ↗machine: t133 · r2 · c17 · span 781657–781667
65Roblox Corporation, Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-160001104659-26-044362CEO total compensation as printed in Roblox Corporation's own proxy. As printed: 24,565,995. Filing ↗machine: t181 · r5 · c15 · span 1056091–1056101
66Bill.com Holdings, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2025-10-270001193125-25-251571CEO total compensation as printed in Bill.com Holdings, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 16,139,836. Filing ↗machine: t222 · r3 · c34 · span 972693–972703
67Workiva, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-170001445305-26-000030CEO total compensation as printed in Workiva, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 15,640,220. Filing ↗machine: t26 · r3 · c16 · span 1433486–1433496
68Freshworks, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-090001544522-26-000075CEO total compensation as printed in Freshworks, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 15,623,481. Filing ↗machine: t32 · r2 · c11 · span 519804–519814
69PagerDuty, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-040001568100-26-000020CEO total compensation as printed in PagerDuty, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 15,268,028. Filing ↗machine: r4 · c45 · span 603528–603538
70Braze, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-180001140361-26-021908CEO total compensation as printed in Braze, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 14,230,598. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c18 · span 550603–550613
71PowerSchool Holdings, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2024-04-040001140361-24-017804CEO total compensation as printed in PowerSchool Holdings, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 13,914,272. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c27 · span 534356–534367
72DoubleVerify Holdings, Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-070001104659-26-040372CEO total compensation as printed in DoubleVerify Holdings's own proxy. As printed: 11,814,232. Filing ↗machine: r1 · c48 · span 753872–753882
73Yelp, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-170001345016-26-000027CEO total compensation as printed in Yelp, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 10,256,932. Filing ↗machine: r4 · c21 · span 951856–951866
74Tripadvisor, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-300001193125-26-197113CEO total compensation as printed in Tripadvisor, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 10,086,426. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c16 · span 976816–976826
75nCino, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-080001193125-26-214613CEO total compensation as printed in nCino, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 9,089,558. Filing ↗machine: t137 · r2 · c34 · span 465103–465112
76Zuora, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2024-05-160001423774-24-000146CEO total compensation as printed in Zuora, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 8,787,500. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c42 · span 699493–699502
77Sprout Social, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-070001517375-26-000028CEO total compensation as printed in Sprout Social, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 7,848,570. Filing ↗machine: t65 · r2 · c7 · span 542149–542158
78Bumble, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025680CEO total compensation as printed in Bumble, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 7,617,828. Filing ↗machine: t107 · r5 · c23 · span 1317195–1317204
79Instructure Holdings, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2024-04-220000950170-24-046440CEO total compensation as printed in Instructure Holdings, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 6,400,555. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c25 · span 432265–432274
80AppFolio, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-280001433195-26-000031CEO total compensation as printed in AppFolio, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 5,438,904. Filing ↗machine: r3 · c51 · span 627702–627711
81Udemy, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2025-04-250001607939-25-000046CEO total compensation as printed in Udemy, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 5,151,396. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c42 · span 749913–749922
82Chegg, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-280001364954-26-000040CEO total compensation as printed in Chegg, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 4,934,000. Filing ↗machine: t129 · r3 · c15 · span 719980–719989
83Reddit, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-230001713445-26-000060CEO total compensation as printed in Reddit, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 3,101,009. Filing ↗machine: r3 · c24 · span 480826–480835
84Rubrik, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-150001943896-26-000034CEO total compensation as printed in Rubrik, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 1,803,735. Filing ↗machine: span 431210–431219
85GitLab, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-010001653482-26-000085CEO total compensation as printed in GitLab, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 1,047,060. Filing ↗machine: span 506534–506543
86Duolingo, Inc. (subject), Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-04-170001628280-26-025728CEO total compensation as printed in Duolingo, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 767,500. Filing ↗machine: t83 · r3 · c8 · span 569993–570000
87Affirm Holdings, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2025-10-240001628280-25-046264CEO total compensation as printed in Affirm Holdings, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 538,307. Filing ↗machine: r2 · c24 · span 568315–568322
88Box, Inc., Section 10b CEO totalDEF 14A2026-05-130001140361-26-021041CEO total compensation as printed in Box, Inc.'s own proxy. As printed: 257,076. Filing ↗machine: t245 · r2 · c22 · span 1212030–1212037
89Section 10a, Rubrik, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001943896-26-000034Rubrik, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
90Section 10a, DoubleVerify Holdings reciprocityDEF 14A0001104659-26-040372DoubleVerify Holdings's most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
91Section 10a, Freshworks, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001544522-26-000075Freshworks, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
92Section 10a, Braze, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001140361-26-021908Braze, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
93Section 10a, Chegg, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001364954-26-000040Chegg, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
94Section 10a, Tripadvisor, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001193125-26-197113Tripadvisor, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
95Section 10a, Pinterest, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001506293-26-000058Pinterest, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
96Section 10a, PagerDuty, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001568100-26-000020PagerDuty, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
97Section 10a, Match Group, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0000891103-26-000066Match Group, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
98Section 10a, Zuora, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001423774-24-000146Zuora, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
99Section 10a, Box, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001140361-26-021041Box, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
100Section 10a, Bumble, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001628280-26-025680Bumble, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
101Section 10a, nCino, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001193125-26-214613nCino, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
102Section 10a, GitLab, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001653482-26-000085GitLab, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
103Section 10a, Roblox Corporation reciprocityDEF 14A0001104659-26-044362Roblox Corporation's most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
104Section 10a, Reddit, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001713445-26-000060Reddit, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
105Section 10a, Sprout Social, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001517375-26-000028Sprout Social, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
106Section 10a, Bill.com Holdings, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001193125-25-251571Bill.com Holdings, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
107Section 10a, Coursera, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001651562-26-000036Coursera, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
108Section 10a, Udemy, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001607939-25-000046Udemy, Inc. names Duolingo, Inc. in its own disclosed peer group (read from its most recent proxy). Filing ↗
109Section 10a, Affirm Holdings, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001628280-25-046264Affirm Holdings, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
110Section 10a, PowerSchool Holdings, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001140361-24-017804PowerSchool Holdings, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗
111Section 10a, Yelp, Inc. reciprocityDEF 14A0001345016-26-000027Yelp, Inc.'s most recent proxy was read; its disclosed peer group does not include Duolingo, Inc.. Filing ↗